Considerations on COM(2024)45 - Vaccine-preventable cancers - Main contents
Please note
This page contains a limited version of this dossier in the EU Monitor.
| dossier | COM(2024)45 - Vaccine-preventable cancers. |
|---|---|
| document | COM(2024)45  |
| date | June 21, 2024 |
(2)Vaccination policies, programmes and services are the competence and responsibility of Member States. However, the Commission supports and coordinates national efforts due to the cross-border nature of vaccine-preventable diseases. It does this, amongst others, through communication efforts such as setting up the European Vaccination Information Portal, where people can find reliable information about vaccination and vaccines, and developing information and awareness-raising campaigns, such as the ongoing #UnitedInProtection campaign, which is adaptable to national challenges and needs.
(3)Some types of cancers, namely cancers caused by Human papillomaviruses (HPV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV), can be prevented by vaccination. Vaccination remains one of the most powerful and efficient public health measures at Member States’ disposal.
(4)In Europe’s 2021 Beating Cancer Plan 54 (the Cancer Plan), the Commission put forward the objective to fully vaccinate at least 90 % of the Union target population of girls against HPV and significantly increase the vaccination of boys against HPV by 2030. In addition, the Commission announced that it would help ensure access to vaccination against HBV in order to increase vaccination uptake.
(5)Some Member States have centralised, population-based Immunisation Information Systems in place to monitor vaccination coverage rates in their country, including at subnational level. However, monitoring is fragmented in other Member States, and some of the countries report issues in collecting vaccination data as part of the monitoring of vaccination programmes in the context of the national approach to implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council 55 , the Union’s General Data Protection Regulation.
(6)Some Member States have encountered issues in relation to the national procedures for obtaining parental consent to vaccinate minors, having a possible negative impact on the uptake.
(7)Any processing of personal data by Member States for vaccination purposes should comply with EU data protection law, in particular the General Data Protection Regulation, with a focus on the provisions governing the processing of special categories of personal data within the meaning of Article 9 of the General Data Protection Regulation. These provisions can be further specified by Member States.
(8)It is envisaged to give Union support to Member States to develop or upgrade electronic vaccination registries in line with the General Data Protection Regulation, without prejudice to the tasks of the national data protection authorities and in respect of any relevant guidance of the European Data Protection Board, as well as to streamline parental consent procedures, in respect of national legislation in the field. This would, amongst others, happen by mapping national approaches across the Union and discussing successful ones with Member States.
(9)HPV infection can lead to cervical cancer in women. In the Union and the European Economic Area (EEA), there are around 28 600 cases of and 13 700 deaths from cervical cancer every year 56 . Infection with HPV can also lead to other anogenital cancers in both women and men (vulvar, vaginal, penile and anal cancers) as well as head-and-neck cancers, such as oropharyngeal cancers, of which there were around 19 700 cases in the Union and the EEA in 2022, mostly (around 15 000) in men 57 .
(10)While risk-based screening in line with the Council Recommendation on strengthening prevention through early detection: a new EU approach on cancer screening 58 can help prevent cervical cancer in women, no high-quality screening programme is currently available in all Member States and EEA countries for women to prevent other cancers caused by HPV infection. And so far, there is no organised screening for such cancers available for men.
(11)Vaccination against HPV as part of national immunisation programmes provides a benefit in preventing cancers in both women and men.
(12)All Member States recommend vaccination of adolescent and preadolescent girls against HPV. Many Member States also recommend it for boys of those age groups, some of the countries extending recommendations to also cover, via targeted catch-up campaigns, young adults who did not get vaccinated or fully vaccinated during adolescence or preadolescence.
(13)Data for vaccination uptake show that whereas a few Member States have vaccinated more than 90 % of adolescent or preadolescent girls with one out of the two doses that are needed for those age groups 59 this figure remains low, below 50 %, in other Member States 60 . Only limited data are currently available for vaccination uptake in boys as well as in young adults.
(14)Public confidence in HPV vaccines is falling across the Union, in particular among young people. Although confidence among health professionals in these vaccines is overall high, it varies between Member States 61 .
(15)Confidence issues in relation to HPV vaccination should be tackled by addressing persistent safety concerns as well as low perceived risk of getting cancer due to HPV infection. The underestimation of the importance of HPV vaccination as a cancer prevention tool, in particular among boys and their parents, should also be addressed by continuing communication efforts and by monitoring and addressing mis- and disinformation related to HPV infection and HPV vaccination.
(16)Access issues in relation to HPV vaccination should be addressed by offering free vaccination in schools and educational settings, and through targeted efforts, including by working with health professionals, local associations and trusted individuals at community level, to address structural barriers and increase HPV vaccination uptake among adolescent and preadolescent girls and boys belonging to disadvantaged groups, such as migrants, asylum seekers and refugees, displaced persons from Ukraine, Roma, persons with disabilities and lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex and queer (LGBTIQ) people.
(17)In 2022, the joint action PartnERship to Contrast HPV (PERCH) 62 , was launched, bringing together European countries to fight cancers caused by HPV infection from a wide range of perspectives.
(18)A coordinated approach to HPV-related cancer prevention across the Union, building on the goal put forward in the Cancer Plan as well as the work carried out by the joint action PartnERship to Contrast HPV (PERCH), and taking into account Member States’ individual situations in terms of cancer burden from HPV infection, could boost national efforts in the field. Defining a specific goal for the percentage of the Union target population of boys that should be vaccinated by 2030 for public health and gender equality reasons could help in this respect.
(19)Infection with HBV can become chronic and develop into chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and liver cancer. For 2021, 30 Member States and EEA countries reported 16 187 newly diagnosed HBV infections, a large share of those, 43 %, being classified as chronic 63 . Despite a steady decline in the overall incidence of HBV over time due to effective vaccination programmes and other prevention strategies, it is estimated that approximately 3.6 million people in Member States and EEA countries are living with a chronic HBV infection 64 .
(20)The burden of infections with HBV in Member States and EEA countries is higher in some population groups, including migrants, asylum seekers and refugees from countries with a high HBV endemicity, prison populations, people who inject drugs and men having sex with men, than in the general population. Heterosexual intercourse, however, remains a common route of HBV transmission in Europe, and even if vertical transmission is now uncommon in this part of the world, prevention strategies are needed as most infants who are infected perinatally will become chronically infected 65 .
(21)Vaccination against HBV as part of national immunisation programmes is key to prevent disease caused by chronic infection with HBV, including liver cancer.
(22)Most Member States recommend vaccinating all children against HBV. They also have various strategies to prevent mother-to-child (vertical) transmission, including vaccination of infants with the first HBV vaccine dose within 24 hours from birth (also known as ‘birth dose’), screening of pregnant women for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and post-exposure prophylaxis targeted at infants born to HBV-infected mothers.
(23)Many Member States have HBV vaccination recommendations for groups at high risk and sometimes in disadvantaged situations, such as people who inject drugs, prison populations, men having sex with men, trans gender persons and migrants, asylum seekers and refugees from countries with a high HBV endemicity, as well as for health professionals. However, data gaps exist in relation to vaccination uptake.
(24)In 2017, the WHO, in the Action plan for the health sector response to viral hepatitis in the WHO European Region, put forward the goal of eliminating hepatitis as a public health threat in its European Region by 2030 66 .
(25)Specifically on vaccination, the WHO set interim targets for 2020 of 1) 95 % coverage with three doses of HBV vaccine in countries that implement universal childhood vaccination, and 2) 90 % coverage with interventions to prevent vertical transmission (HBV birth-dose vaccination or other approaches) 67 .
(26)In 2022, the WHO updated the regional Action plan and set 2030 targets of 1) 95 % vaccination coverage (3rd dose) of childhood HBV vaccination, 2) 95 % of pregnant women screened for HBsAg, and 3) 95 % of newborns who received timely (within 24 hours of birth) HBV birth-dose vaccination 68 .
(27)The ECDC supports the monitoring of Member States’ progress towards WHO hepatitis elimination targets, including those related to childhood vaccination and prevention of vertical transmission of HBV. Data from 2021 show, despite gaps, that coverage rates in many Member States must still be improved to reach even the 2020 interim targets 69 . For the 2030 targets, the challenge is not less important.
(28)Public confidence issues in relation to HBV vaccination should be addressed by improving health literacy among groups at high risk and sometimes in disadvantaged situations, such as people who inject drugs, prison populations, men having sex with men, trans gender persons and migrants, asylum seekers and refugees from countries where HBV is endemic, as well as health professionals, and by advocating for HBV vaccination as a cancer prevention tool.
(29)Access issues in relation to HBV vaccination should be addressed through targeted efforts to understand structural barriers and by offering vaccination in local settings adjusted to target groups in line with their risk profile and situation, for example by making use of mobile units, offering vaccination during other healthcare events, such as medical check-ups, and ensuring that vaccination is provided free of charge.
(30)Special attention should be paid to older persons and people living in remote areas as well as to people who inject drugs, making HBV vaccination routine in drug treatment, prison and harm-reduction services, in a stigma-free environment, on a voluntary basis, without costs for the person being vaccinated, and with the possibility for accessing an accelerated dosing schedule.
(31)In the extended mandate given to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) under the European Health Union 70 , the ECDC is tasked to monitor the level of vaccination coverage in Member States based on reliable data available from countries.
(32)By the end of 2024, the Commission intends to request ECDC to display available national data on HPV and HBV coverage rates in Member States in a dedicated dashboard together with national monitoring methodologies and goals and targets 71 to be met.
(33)There is a need to better integrate HPV and HBV vaccination in cancer prevention programmes, at operational level but also to provide integrated health communication on cancer prevention, promoting vaccination as a cancer prevention tool in addition to being a tool to sexual/reproductive health. There is also a need to coordinate vaccination and cancer registries to measure the overall impact of vaccination and cancer prevention programmes, including in view of eventually increasing the cost-efficiency of screening programmes. As the aim is to increase vaccination coverage rates among children and young people, particular attention should be paid to the effect and role of social media and digital platforms.
(34)The Commission intends to develop a model for evidence-based awareness-raising campaigns on the importance of HPV and HBV vaccination as cancer prevention tools, adaptable to national challenges and needs, and with the involvement of stakeholder associations at European level, including health professionals’ associations, and national counterparts, and with an in-built strategy to continue monitoring and addressing mis- and disinformation specifically related to HPV infection and HPV vaccination, including on social media, at Union level. Nevertheless, communication campaigns need to take into account national specificities of the Member States.
(35)The Commission envisages to request the European Medicines Agency and the ECDC to communicate regularly on the outcomes of updated reviews and studies on the safety and effectiveness of the HPV and HBV vaccines in order to provide up-to-date information and address safety-driven acceptance issues faced in the EU, including through the European Vaccination Information Portal.
(36)In line with its comprehensive approach to mental health 72 , and taking the EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child 73 and the European Child Guarantee 74 into account, the Commission intends to develop a prevention toolkit addressing the links between mental and physical health, including physical health linked to vaccination, in children and thus making an impact in the most vulnerable and formative years of their lives.
(37)Union citizens’ access to their vaccination data should be further facilitated. This would empower them to better follow their vaccination history and make decisions on vaccination. The exchange of such data for continuity of care purposes across the Union should also be further facilitated.
(38)The Commission and the World Health Organization (WHO) have entered a partnership to develop the WHO Global Digital Health Certification Network that takes up the EU Digital COVID Certificate technology. This technology may be used in other cases, such as routine immunisation records in view of delivering better health for Union citizens.
(39)Continued use by Member States of funding opportunities from the Union’s budget, including the European Regional Development Fund, the European Social Fund+ and the EU4Health Programme, in accordance with each instrument’s focus and legal basis, to implement HPV and HBV vaccination programmes, including communication activities to promote them, could reduce health inequalities linked to access to and availability of vaccination.
(40)The Commission intends to support the development of modelling tools and analysis to estimate the cost-effectiveness of preventing cancers caused by HPV and HBV infection by vaccination, to support EU Member States in their decision-making on the integration of these types of vaccination in their national immunisation programmes and cancer prevention programmes. The Commission also intends to promote research, development and innovation in relation to HPV and HBV vaccines at Union level, including through the Horizon Europe programme and its successor programmes.
(41)It is envisaged to further promote Union action to increase HPV and HBV vaccination at global level, including in terms of identifying behavioural determinants for vaccine uptake and addressing obstacles to vaccination, by working with international partners, such as the WHO, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
(42)The Commission intends to invite Member States to regularly provide information to allow to monitor the implementation of the recommendations contained in this Council Recommendation through the Public Health Expert Group and to report on the implementation of recommendations to Member States through updates in the Public Health Expert Group after 4 years and again in 2030.
HEREBY RECOMMENDS THAT MEMBER STATES:
1.Introduce or strengthen the implementation of HPV and HBV vaccination programmes to boost cancer prevention as part of national immunisation programmes, including by providing vaccination free of charge and/or fully reimbursing related costs for those for whom vaccination is recommended, and by ensuring accessibility for groups at high risk and/or in disadvantaged situations.
2.Strengthen the integration of HPV and HBV vaccination in cancer prevention programmes, at operational level but also to provide integrated health communication on cancer prevention.
3.In respect of the Union’s data protection law, establish or strengthen links between vaccination and cancer registries to measure the overall impact of vaccination and cancer prevention programmes, including in view of eventually increasing the cost-efficiency of cancer screening programmes.
4.Develop actions to increase the uptake of HPV and HBV vaccination in a cancer prevention perspective, namely by facilitating the identification and transfer of best or promising practices to increase vaccination uptake, including in the context of the Public Health Expert Group, established in 2022 75 , and its subgroups on vaccination and cancer, and through targeted calls for practices on the Commission’s Best Practice Portal 76 .
5.In compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation, improve the monitoring of vaccination coverage rates, including for HPV and HBV vaccination, by building or upgrading population-based electronic vaccination registries that enable the availability of data at national level and subnational level and to which data recorded by different vaccine providers can be seamlessly transferred, to inform efficient, data-driven public health action.
6.Streamline national procedures for obtaining parental consent to vaccinate minors in respect of national legislation in the field, including by sharing and discussing national approaches, to facilitate the uptake.
7.Actively participate in efforts to further facilitate Union citizens’ access to their vaccination data, empowering them to follow their vaccination history and make decisions on vaccination, as well as to further facilitate the exchange of such data for continuity of care purposes across the Union.
8.Actively participate in efforts to further develop the WHO Global Digital Health Certification Network, including its potential use for routine immunisation records that could support Union citizens for health purposes.
9.Make full use of funding opportunities from the Union budget, including the European Regional Development Fund, the European Social Fund+ and the EU4Health Programme, in accordance with each instrument’s focus and legal basis, to implement HPV and HBV vaccination programmes, including communication activities to promote them, to reduce health inequalities linked to access to and availability of vaccination.
10.Specifically for HPV vaccination, strengthen national efforts to reach, by 2030, the objective set in the Cancer Plan of fully vaccinating at least 90 % of the EU target population of girls and significantly increasing the vaccination of boys, including by offering vaccination to adolescent and preadolescent girls and boys in schools and educational settings, addressing structural barriers for those belonging to disadvantaged groups, such as migrants, asylum seekers and refugees, displaced persons from Ukraine, Roma, persons with disabilities and LGBTIQ people, and extending recommendations to also cover, via targeted catch-up campaigns, young adults who did not get vaccinated or fully vaccinated during adolescence or preadolescence.
11.Enhance targeted communication and outreach efforts, by working with stakeholder associations, including health professionals’ associations, the education sector and trusted partners at community level, to increase HPV vaccination uptake among the target populations specified in Recommendation 10, while ensuring monitoring of the uptake in a central data repository at national level.
12.Building on the work carried out by the joint action PartnERship to Contrast HPV (PERCH), develop and implement coordinated efforts for HPV-related cancer prevention, taking into account the specific situation in Member States in terms of cancer burden from HPV infections, as well as the status of vaccination and screening programmes, and, as part of such coordinated efforts, define a concrete goal for the percentage of the EU target population of boys that should be vaccinated by 2030.
13.Specifically for HBV, strengthen national efforts to reach the 2030 targets set by WHO of 1) 95 % vaccination coverage (3rd dose) of childhood HBV vaccination, 2) 95 % of pregnant women screened for HBsAg, and 3) 95 % of newborns who received timely (within 24 hours of birth) HBV birth-dose vaccination, including by strengthening systems for the monitoring of progress towards those targets and by making use of available support from ECDC if needed.
14.Facilitate childhood vaccination and prevention of vertical transmission of HBV, and adapt vaccination services to the needs of different target groups, including by offering vaccination in local settings and by continuing targeted efforts to increase the uptake in groups at high risk and sometimes in disadvantaged situations, such as people who inject drugs, prison populations, men having sex with men, trans gender persons and migrants, asylum seekers and refugees from countries where HBV is endemic, as well as health professionals, while ensuring monitoring of the uptake in a central data repository at national level.
15.Pay special attention to people who inject drugs, making HBV vaccination routine in drug treatment, prison and harm-reduction services, in a stigma-free environment, on a voluntary basis, without costs for the person being vaccinated, with the possibility for accessing an accelerated dosing schedule.
16.Regularly provide information to the Commission to allow to monitor and report on the implementation of the recommendations contained in this Council Recommendation through the Public Health Expert Group.
Done at Brussels,
For the Council
The President
(1) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Europe's Beating Cancer Plan, COM/2021/44 final.
(2) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on ‘Building a European Health Union: Reinforcing the EU’s resilience for cross-border health threats’, COM/2020/724 final.
(3) https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe/eu-missions-horizon-europe/eu-mission-cancer_en
(4) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the Commission work programme 2023: A Union standing firm and united, COM(2022) 548 final.
(5) https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal3
(6) Council Recommendation of 7 December 2018 on strengthened cooperation against vaccine-preventable diseases (OJ C 466, 28.12.2018, p. 1).
(7) https://health.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-12/2019-2022_roadmap_en.pdf
(8) https://vaccination-info.eu/en
(9) https://vaccination-protection.ec.europa.eu/index_en
(10) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council and the European Investment Bank on an EU Strategy for COVID-19 vaccines, COM/2020/245 final.
(11) https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-14771-2022-INIT/en/pdf
(12) Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1).
(13) https://vaccinetracker.ecdc.europa.eu/public/extensions/COVID-19/vaccine-tracker.html#uptake-tab
(14) Regulation (EU) 2022/2370 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 November 2022 amending Regulation (EC) No 851/2004 establishing a European centre for disease prevention and control (OJ L 314, 6.12.2022, p. 1).
(15) www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail">https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail
(16) Meaning that they may cause cancer.
(17) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Guidance on HPV vaccination in EU countries: focus on boys, people living with HIV and 9-valent HPV vaccine introduction, 2020. Stockholm: ECDC; 2020.
(18) Ibid.
(19) ECIS - European Cancer Information System , accessed on 27/10/2023. EU/EEA figures computed as the sum of values for EU-27 , Norway , and Iceland .
(20) Ibid.
(21) Ibid.
(22) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Guidance on HPV vaccination in EU countries: focus on boys, people living with HIV and 9-valent HPV vaccine introduction, 2020. Stockholm: ECDC; 2020.
(23) Castellsagué X, Alemany L, Quer M, Halec G, Quirós B, Tous S, Clavero O, Alòs L, Biegner T, Szafarowski T, Alejo M, Holzinger D, Cadena E, Claros E, Hall G, Laco J, Poljak M, Benevolo M, Kasamatsu E, Mehanna H, Ndiaye C, Guimerà N, Lloveras B, León X, Ruiz-Cabezas JC, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Kang CS, Oh JK, Garcia-Rojo M, Iljazovic E, Ajayi OF, Duarte F, Nessa A, Tinoco L, Duran-Padilla MA, Pirog EC, Viarheichyk H, Morales H, Costes V, Félix A, Germar MJ, Mena M, Ruacan A, Jain A, Mehrotra R, Goodman MT, Lombardi LE, Ferrera A, Malami S, Albanesi EI, Dabed P, Molina C, López-Revilla R, Mandys V, González ME, Velasco J, Bravo IG, Quint W, Pawlita M, Muñoz N, de Sanjosé S, Xavier Bosch F; ICO International HPV in Head and Neck Cancer Study Group. HPV Involvement in Head and Neck Cancers: Comprehensive Assessment of Biomarkers in 3680 Patients. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2016 Jan 28;108(6):djv403. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djv403. PMID: 26823521.
(24) de Martel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017 Aug 15;141 i:664-670. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30716. Epub 2017 Jun 8. PMID: 28369882; PMCID: PMC5520228.
(25) www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/basic_info">https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/basic_info
(26) https://immunizationdata.who.int/pages/coverage/hpv.html?CODE=EUR&ANTIGEN=PRHPV1_F&YEAR=&ADVANCED_GROUPINGS=EURO
(27) Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(28) Hepatitis B. In: ECDC. Annual epidemiological report for 2021. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(29) Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(30) Ibid.
(31) Such as Razavi-Shearer, D. et al. The disease burden of hepatitis B and hepatitis C from 2015 to 2030: the long and winding road [Abstract OS050]. J. Hepatol. 77, S43 (2022).
(32) Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(33) World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (2017). Action plan for the health sector response to viral hepatitis in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe.
(34) Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(35) Regional action plans for ending AIDS and the epidemics of viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections 2022-2030 (2023). World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe.
(36) https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101080486
(37) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on a comprehensive approach to mental health, COM(2023) 298 final, 7.6.2023.
(38) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on an EU strategy on the rights of the child, COM(2021) 142 final, 24.3.2021.
(39) Council Recommendation (EU) 2021/1004 of 14 June 2021 establishing a European Child Guarantee (OJ L 223, 22.6.2021, p. 14.
(40) Council Recommendation of 9 December 2022 on strengthening prevention through early detection: a new EU approach on cancer screening replacing Council Recommendation 2003/878/EC (OJ C 473, 13.12.2022, p. 1).
(41) https://cancer-inequalities.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
(42) www.projectperch.eu/">https://www.projectperch.eu/
(43) https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/31061266/801495/3HP
(44) https://overcomingobstaclestovaccination.eu/en
(45) https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/dyna/bp-portal/
(46) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on an EU strategy on the rights of the child, COM/2021/142 final.
(47) Council Recommendation (EU) 2021/1004 of 14 June 2021 establishing a European Child Guarantee (OJ L 223, 22.6.2021, p. 14).
(48) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on a comprehensive approach to mental health, COM(2023) 298 final.
(49) https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/13529-Cancer-prevention-action-to-promote-vaccination-against-cancer-causing-viruses_en
(50) https://health.ec.europa.eu/eu-health-policy/interest-groups/eu-health-policy-platform_en
(51) Commission Staff Working Document – Stakeholder Consultation – Synopsis Report – Accompanying the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Europe's Beating Cancer Plan, COM(2021) 44 final.
(52) Commission Decision of 7 December 2022 setting up a Commission expert group on public health and repealing Commission Decision setting up a Commission expert group ‘Steering Group on Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Management of Non-Communicable Diseases’, C(2022) 8816 final.
(53) The targets set by WHO for HBV also include the target of 95 % of pregnant women screened for HBsAg. This target is also considered for the purposes of implementation and monitoring in the context of the proposed Council Recommendation.
(54) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Europe's Beating Cancer Plan, COM(2021) 44 final, 3.2.2021.
(55) Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1).
(56) ECIS - European Cancer Information System , accessed on 27/10/2023. EU/EEA figures computed as the sum of values for EU-27 , Norway , and Iceland .
(57) Ibid.
(58) Council Recommendation of 9 December 2022 on strengthening prevention through early detection: a new EU approach on cancer screening replacing Council Recommendation 2003/878/EC (OJ C 473, 13.12.2022, p. 1).
(59) Three doses are needed for older young people.
(60) https://immunizationdata.who.int/pages/coverage/hpv.html?CODE=EUR&ANTIGEN=PRHPV1_F&YEAR=&ADVANCED_GROUPINGS=EURO
(61) A. de Figueiredo, R.L. Eagan, G. Hendrickx, E. Karafillakis, P. van Damme and H.J. Larson, ‘State of Vaccine Confidence in the European Union 2022’, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2022.
(62) www.projectperch.eu/">https://www.projectperch.eu/
(63) Hepatitis B. In: ECDC. Annual epidemiological report for 2021. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(64) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, ‘Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA’, Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(65) Ibid.
(66) World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (2017). Action plan for the health sector response to viral hepatitis in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe.
(67) Ibid.
(68) Regional action plans for ending AIDS and the epidemics of viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections 2022-2030 (2023). World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe.
(69) Prevention of hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA. Stockholm: ECDC; 2022.
(70) Regulation (EU) 2022/2370 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 November 2022 amending Regulation (EC) No 851/2004 establishing a European centre for disease prevention and control (OJ L 314, 6.12.2022, p. 1)..
(71) The targets set by WHO for HBV also include the target of 95 % of pregnant women screened for HBsAg. This target is also considered for the purposes of implementation and monitoring in the context of the proposed Council Recommendation.
(72) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on a comprehensive approach to mental health, COM(2023) 298 final, 7.6.2023.
(73) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on an EU strategy on the rights of the child, COM(2021) 142 final, 24.3.2021.
(74) Council Recommendation (EU) 2021/1004 of 14 June 2021 establishing a European Child Guarantee (OJ L 223, 22.6.2021, p. 14).
(75) Commission Decision C(2022) 8816 final of 7 December 2022 setting up a Commission expert group on public health and repealing Commission Decision setting up a Commission expert group ‘Steering Group on Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Management of Non-Communicable Diseases’ (OJ C 471, 12.12.2022, p. 8).
(76) https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/dyna/bp-portal/
Top
×
Timeline legend
Initial legal act
Another version
Selected version
Selected version application period
Hidden intermediate versions
Version which is applicable today
Future version
All